Zygomaticofacial foramen in dry adult human skulls: a morphological study

Abstract

Background: A wide range of medical procedures in the zygomatic region in maxillofacial surgery, implantology, and aesthetic medicine requires a detailed study of the zygomaticofacial foramen (ZFF) due to the high risk of damage to its contents during manipulation. This study aimed to estimate the shape, diameter, and location of ZFF and their relationships with anatomical landmarks. Materials and methods: A study was conducted on 53 dry adult human skulls. Standard morphometric measurements were taken using sliding calipers. The number, diameter, shape, and location of ZFF were noted on both sides, and the distances between the ZFF and surrounding anatomical landmarks were measured. Conventional statistical methods were used to evaluate the data.